2. Nouveautés de Debian 13
Le wiki contient plus de renseignements à ce sujet.
2.1. Architectures prises en charge
Voici ci-dessous la liste des architectures officiellement prises en charge par Debian 13 :
PC 64 bits (
amd64)ARM 64 bits (
arm64)ARM EABI (
armel)ARMv7 (ARM avec unité de calcul flottant,
armhf)PowerPC 64 bits petit-boutiste (
ppc64el)RISC-V 64 bit petit-boutiste (
riscv64)IBM System z (
s390x)
Additionally, on 64-bit PC systems, a partial 32-bit userland (i386)
is available. Please see Reduced support for i386 for details.
Vous pouvez en savoir plus sur l’état des portages et les renseignements spécifiques en consultant les pages web sur les portages Debian.
2.2. Quoi de neuf dans la distribution ?
2.2.1. Official support for riscv64
This release for the first time officially supports the riscv64 architecture, allowing users to run Debian on 64-bit RISC-V hardware and benefit from all Debian 13 features.
Le wiki contient plus de renseignements sur la prise en charge de riscv64 dans Debian.
2.2.2. Hardening against ROP and COP/JOP attacks on amd64 and arm64
trixie introduces security features on the amd64 and arm64 architectures designed to mitigate Return-Oriented Programming (ROP) exploits and Call/Jump-Oriented Programming (COP/JOP) attacks.
On amd64 this is based on Intel Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET) for both ROP and COP/JOP protection, on arm64 it is based on Pointer Authentication (PAC) for ROP protection and Branch Target Identification (BTI) for COP/JOP protection.
The features are enabled automatically if your hardware supports them. For amd64 see the Linux kernel documentation and the Intel documentation, and for arm64 see the Wiki, and the Arm documentation, which have information on how to check if your processor supports CET and PAC/BTI and how they work.
2.2.3. HTTP Boot Support
The Debian Installer and Debian Live Images can now be booted using « HTTP Boot » on supported UEFI and U-Boot firmware.
On systems using TianoCore firmware, enter the Device Manager menu, then choose Network Device List, select the network interface, HTTP Boot Configuration, and specify the full URL to the Debian ISO to boot.
For other firmware implementations, please see the documentation for your system’s hardware and/or the firmware documentation.
2.2.4. Environnements de bureau et paquets populaires
This new release of Debian comes with a lot more software than its predecessor bookworm; the distribution includes over 11294 new packages, for a total of over 59551 packages. Most of the software in the distribution has been updated: over 42821 software packages (this is 72% of all packages in bookworm). Also, a significant number of packages (over 9519, 16% of the packages in bookworm) have for various reasons been removed from the distribution. You will not see any updates for these packages and they will be marked as « obsolete » in package management front-ends; see Paquets obsolètes.
Debian fournit à nouveau plusieurs applications et environnements de bureau. Entre autres, sont maintenant inclus GNOME 48, KDE Plasma 6.3, LXDE 13, LXQt 2.1.0, et Xfce 4.20.
Des applications ont également été mises à jour comme les suites bureautiques :
LibreOffice est mis à jour vers la version 25 ;
GNUcash est mis à jour vers la version 5.10.
Parmi de nombreuses autres mises à jour, cette publication inclut également celles des logiciels suivants :
Paquet |
Version dans bookworm (Debian 12) |
Version dans trixie (Debian 13) |
|---|---|---|
Apache |
2.4.62 |
2.4.63 |
Bash |
5.2.15 |
5.2.37 |
BIND DNS Server |
9.18 |
9.20 |
Cryptsetup |
2.6 |
2.7 |
Emacs |
28.2 |
30.1 |
Exim (default email server) |
4.96 |
4.98 |
GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (default compiler) |
12.2 |
14.2 |
GIMP |
2.10.34 |
3.0.2 |
GnuPG |
2.2.40 |
2.4.7 |
Inkscape |
1.2.2 |
1.4 |
the GNU C library |
2.36 |
2.41 |
Linux kernel |
Série 6.1 |
6.12 series |
Chaîne de compilation LLVM/Clang |
13.0.1, 14.0 (par défaut) et 15.0.6 |
19 (default), 17 and 18 available |
MariaDB |
10.11 |
11.8 |
Nginx |
1.22 |
1.26 |
OpenJDK |
17 |
21 |
OpenLDAP |
2.5.13 |
2.6.9 |
OpenSSH |
9.2p1 |
10.0p1 |
OpenSSL |
3.0 |
3.4 |
Perl |
5.36 |
5.40 |
PHP |
8.2 |
8.4 |
Postfix |
3.7 |
3.10 |
PostgreSQL |
15 |
17 |
Python 3 |
3.11 |
3.13 |
Rustc |
1.63 |
1.85 |
Samba |
4.17 |
4.22 |
Systemd |
252 |
257 |
Vim |
9.0 |
9.1 |